Spandex and elastane fibers

Spandex (generic name in the USA) and elastane (European name) are synthetic elastomeric fibers manufactured from polyurethane segments that combine alternating rigid and flexible blocks, providing capability to stretch up to 5-7 times the original length and return to initial shape. It is a unique PU technology — no other polymer has this combination of extreme elasticity with mechanical strength. Present in virtually all modern apparel in small proportions (2-10%): stretch jeans, sports leggings, intimate apparel, socks, shaped women's fashion, sports apparel, swimwear, fit dresses, body-molded t-shirts. Global production dominated by few suppliers (Invista with Lycra brand, Hyosung with Creora, Asahi Kasei with ROICA, Indorama). Production is technically complex — extrusion of very fine fibers with extreme elasticity properties. Massive market globally, growing with athleisure expansion and with stretch incorporation in categories that previously didn't have it (workwear, professional clothing, mainstream fashion).